6.3 Activation by Personalization

1. Under certain circumstances, end-devices can be activated by personalization. Activation by
2. personalization directly ties an end-device to a specific network by-passing the join request
3. • join accept procedure.
4. Activating an end-device by personalization means that the DevAddr and the two session
5. keys NwkSKey and AppSKey are directly stored into the end-device instead of the DevEUI,
6. AppEUI and the AppKey. The end-device is equipped with the required information for
7. participating in a specific LoRa network when started.
8. Each device should have a unique set of NwkSKey and AppSKey. Compromising the keys
9. of one device shouldn‘t compromise the security of the communications of other devices.
10. The process to build those keys should be such that the keys cannot be derived in any way
11. from publicly available information (like the node address for example).

©2016 LoRa™ Alliance Page 36 of 70

The authors reserve the right to change specifications without notice.

LoRaWAN Specification

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