2.1 LoRaWAN Classes
- A LoRa network distinguishes between a basic LoRaWAN (named Class A) and optional
- features (Class B, Class C …):
| Application | Application | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LoRa MAC | MAC | |||
| Class A | Class B | Class C | MAC options | |
| (baseline) | (beacon) | (Continuous) | ||
LoRa Modulation
Modulation
| EU | EU | US | AS | … | Regional ISM band | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 868 | 433 | 915 | 430 | |||||||||||
| 8 | ||||||||||||||
| 9 | Figure 1: LoRaWAN Classes | |||||||||||||
| 10 | Bi-directional end-devices | (Class | A): End-devices of Class A allow for bi- | |||||||||||
| 11 | directional | communications | whereby each | end-device‘s uplink transmission is |
- followed by two short downlink receive windows. The transmission slot scheduled by
- the end-device is based on its own communication needs with a small variation
- based on a random time basis (ALOHA-type of protocol). This Class A operation is
- the lowest power end-device system for applications that only require downlink
- communication from the server shortly after the end-device has sent an uplink
- transmission. Downlink communications from the server at any other time will have to
- wait until the next scheduled uplink.
- Bi-directional end-devices with scheduled receive slots (Class B): End-devices
- of Class B allow for more receive slots. In addition to the Class A random receive
- windows, Class B devices open extra receive windows at scheduled times. In order
- for the End-device to open it receive window at the scheduled time it receives a time
- synchronized Beacon from the gateway. This allows the server to know when the
- end-device is listening.
- Bi-directional end-devices with maximal receive slots (Class C): End-devices of
26 Class C have nearly continuously open receive windows, only closed when
- transmitting. Class C end-device will use more power to operate than Class A or
- Class B but they offer the lowest latency for server to end-device communication.
©2016 LoRa™ Alliance Page 8 of 70
The authors reserve the right to change specifications without notice.
LoRaWAN Specification