15.1 Beacon physical layer
3 Besides relaying messages between end-devices and network servers, all gateways
- participate in providing a time-synchronization mechanisms by sending beacons at regular
- fixed intervals configurable per network (BEACON_INTERVAL). All beacons are transmitted
- in radio packet implicit mode, that is, without a LoRa physical header and with no CRC being
- appended by the radio.
8
PHY | Preamble | BCNPayload |
---|---|---|
- The beacon Preamble begins with (a longer than default) 10 unmodulated symbols. This
- allows end-devices to implement a low power duty-cycled beacon search.
- The beacon frame length is tightly coupled to the operation of the radio Physical layer.
- Therefore the actual frame length might change from one region implementation to another.
- The changing fields are highlighted in Bold in the following sections.
15.1.1 EU 863-870MHz ISM Band
- The beacons are transmitted using the following settings
DR | 3 | Corresponds to SF9 spreading factor with | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
125 kHz BW | |||||||||||
CR | 1 | Coding rate = 4/5 | |||||||||
frequency | 869.525 MHz | This is the recommended frequency allowing | |||||||||
+27 dBm EIRP. Network operators may use | |||||||||||
a different frequency as long as ETSI | |||||||||||
compliance is achieved | |||||||||||
16The beacon frame content is: | |||||||||||
Size (bytes) | 3 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 2 | ||||||
BCNPayload | NetID | Time | CRC | GwSpecific | CRC |
| 17 |
15.1.2 US 902-928MHz ISM Band
18 | The beacons are transmitted using the following settings: | ||||||
DR | 10 | Corresponds to SF10 spreading factor | |||||
with 500kHz bw | |||||||
CR | 1 | Coding rate = 4/5 | |||||
frequencies | 923.3 to 927.5MHz | Beaconing is performed on the same | |||||
with 600kHz steps | channel that normal downstream traffic as | ||||||
defined in the Class A specification | |||||||
19 | The downstream channel used for a given beacon is: | ||||||
20 | Channel = * | ( | )+ | ||||
- whereby beacon_time is the integer value of the 4 bytes ―Time‖ field of the beacon
- frame
- whereby beacon_period is the periodicity of beacons , 128 seconds
- whereby floor(x) designates rounding to the integer immediately inferior to x
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©2016 LoRa™ Alliance Page 51 of 70
The authors reserve the right to change specifications without notice.
LoRaWAN Specification | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Example: the first beacon will be | transmitted on 923.3MHz , the | ||||||
2 | second on 923.9MHz, the 9th beacon will be on 923.3MHz again. | |||||||
3 | ||||||||
4 | ||||||||
5 | ||||||||
6 | ||||||||
Beacon channel nb | Frequency [MHz] | |||||||
0 | 923.3 | |||||||
1 | 923.9 | |||||||
2 | 924.5 | |||||||
3 | 925.1 | |||||||
4 | 925.7 | |||||||
5 | 926.3 | |||||||
6 | 926.9 | |||||||
7 | 927.5 |
7
8
9 The beacon frame content is:
Size (bytes) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 1 | 2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BCNPayload | NetID | Time | CRC | GwSpecific | RFU | CRC |
10